Viscosity chemistry means plus#

Lubricating oil creates a separating film between surfaces of adjacent moving parts to minimize direct contact between them, decreasing frictional heat and reducing wear, thus protecting the engine. Proper lubrication decreases fuel consumption, decreases wasted power, and increases engine longevity. It also wears away those parts, which could lead to lower efficiency and degradation of the engine. In engines, there are parts which move against each other, and the friction between the parts wastes otherwise useful power by converting kinetic energy into heat. Motor oil is a lubricant used in internal combustion engines, which power cars, motorcycles, lawnmowers, engine-generators, and many other machines. This meant fewer gummed up valves and corroded cylinders. He made his breakthrough when he developed an oil that worked effectively at high temperatures. He eventually abandoned the medical practice to devote his time to the development of an all-petroleum, high- viscosity lubricant for steam engines – which at the time were using inefficient combinations of petroleum and animal and vegetable fats. Ellis was disappointed to find no real medicinal value, but was intrigued by its potential lubricating properties. While studying the possible healing powers of crude oil, Dr. On 6 September 1866, American John Ellis founded the Continuous Oil Refining Company. Motor oils are blended using base oils composed of petroleum-based hydrocarbons, polyalphaolefins (PAO), or their mixtures in various proportions, sometimes with up to 20% by weight of esters for better dissolution of additives.

Viscosity chemistry means plus#

Motor oil may be composed of only a lubricant base stock in the case of non- detergent oil, or a lubricant base stock plus additives to improve the oil's detergency, extreme pressure performance, and ability to inhibit corrosion of engine parts. In addition to the aforementioned basic constituents, almost all lubricating oils contain corrosion and oxidation inhibitors. It also neutralizes acids that originate from fuel and from oxidation of the lubricant (detergents), improves the sealing of piston rings, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.

The main function of motor oil is to reduce friction and wear on moving parts and to clean the engine from sludge (one of the functions of dispersants) and varnish (detergents). They typically consist of base oils enhanced with various additives, particularly antiwear additives, detergents, dispersants, and, for multi-grade oils, viscosity index improvers. Motor oil, engine oil, or engine lubricant is any one of various substances used for the lubrication of internal combustion engines. Pouring fresh motor oil into an engine Different brands of bottled motor oil at a store So a viscous liquid is a High Viscosity liquid on our scale.Not to be confused with fuel oils used as motor fuel. Of course the 'exact' ranges are arbitrary. Medium Viscosity - 0.1 mPa-s 1.0 mPa-s.Now let's defined three ranges of viscosity:

Wikipedia also lists tables for Viscosity of selected substances For reference a short list will be provided. Now such measurements are in units of pascal-seconds. By using samples of known viscosity, the flow time can be calibrated to the viscosity of the sample. When the fluid falls to the line at $d$ is reached then a flow rate can be measured. The fluid is then released and drains down the tube to line $c$ at which time the timing for the flow rate starts. The fluid is then sucked up above line $c$. A typical one is the Oswald viscometer shown below.įluid is poured into the apparatus through tube at $f$ to fill neck and bulb at the bottom. This is somewhat an elementary discussion, but viscosity is typically measured in some sort of viscometer.